Hematite is an iron mineral widely distributed in nature. It is an important raw material for iron-making and can also be used as a red pigment. Hematite is the main mineral form of iron oxide. Hematite contains up to 70% iron and can be produced in large quantities, so it is the most important iron ore. The current conventional hematite beneficiation process includes stages such as crushing and screening, grinding and classification, separation (magnetic separation, flotation), concentration, dehydration and filtration. How to efficiently recover high-grade hematite is closely related to the choice of mineral processing process.
1. Crushing and screening of hematite raw ore
Crushing: The ore is crushed in the crusher to a size that can be fed into the mill. Commonly used crushers include jaw crusher, hammer crusher and roller crusher.
Screening: During the crushing process, part of the ore particle size is not broken into place, so screening operations are required to screen out the ore with insufficient particle size and return it to the crushing system for crushing again.
2. Hematite grinding
The crushed mineral particles enter the ball mill or rod mill for further grinding into mineral powder. Grinding also requires checking whether the particle size of the ore powder meets the requirements. A hydrocyclone is often used in this step.
3. Hematite beneficiation
The hematite and gangue in the ground ore powder need to be separated, and magnetic separation and flotation are usually used.
Magnetic separation: The ground ore powder is first selected in a magnetic separator to obtain crude hematite concentrate.
Flotation: Add flotation reagents to the slurry, and use a stirring tank to mix the reagents and hematite slurry evenly. The minerals are further upgraded in grade in the flotation machine to obtain hematite concentrate.
4. Hematite concentration and dehydration
The concentrate slurry after flotation contains a large amount of water and needs to be concentrated and dehydrated. This step is mainly completed by the concentrator and filter. Finally, the hematite concentrate product is obtained.
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